Complementary alternative therapies and weight loss

The battle against overweight and obesity continues to escalate globally with serious health consequences looming over individuals.

Many individuals who are overweight or obese are keen to explore ways to lose excess weight and one such method is the use of a complementary alternative method.

Weight loss simply refers to the reduction of body weight, usually achieved through a combination of dietary adjustments, increased physical activity and lifestyle changes. This surge includes the exploration of complementary and alternative health approaches (CHA) as potential aids in weight loss programmes. 

Exploring Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Weight Loss Complementary and alternative therapies (CATs) or medicines refer to a group of varied medical and healthcare systems, practices and products that are not considered to be a part of any conventional medicine in the healthcare system.

They encompass a broad spectrum of healthcare practices, products and therapies used alongside conventional medical treatments to promote overall health and well-being. These approaches range from ancient practices such as acupuncture and herbal medicine to modern techniques such as dietary supplementation, chiropractic care and mindfulness meditation.

In Ghana some popular complementary medicines which claim to aid weight loss include green tea extract, caffeine, traditional remedies such as bitter kola, lime-infused water and moringa.

Insights from Research Studies

Research has shown that the most identified method for combating weight loss is the use of dietary supplements. A survey conducted in Johannesburg, South Africa, revealed diverse usage of CMs for weight loss among adult women, with most participants reporting satisfaction with their outcomes.

Scientific evidence suggests that vitamins, herbal extracts, foods and dietary supplements, acupuncture and hypnotherapy may be beneficial in weight reduction, but their effects depend on diet and lifestyle.

 Furthermore, the evidence to support their long-term safety and effectiveness is not adequate. Many complementary medicines are derived from natural sources and may be perceived as safe, but it is essential to recognise that they can still pose risks to health under certain circumstances.

Safety Considerations

Interactions with Medications: complementary medicines can interact with prescription medications, potentially affecting their efficacy or causing adverse effects, ranging from mild to severe.

Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal upset, allergic reactions and liver toxicity.

Quality Control Issues: The quality and purity of complementary medicines can vary significantly, as they are not always subject to rigorous regulation and quality control measures. Contaminants and incorrect dosages may pose safety risks to consumers.

Long-Term Health Risks: Health risks or unknown effects of complementary medicine when used over extended periods are uncertain. It is essential to weigh the potential benefits against the risks and consider alternative treatment options when appropriate.

Safety in Special Populations: pregnant or breastfeeding women, children, elderly individuals, and those with underlying health conditions may be more vulnerable to adverse effects from complementary medicines. Special caution should be exercised when considering their use in these populations.

Recommendations for Safe Usage

Consult a Healthcare Professional: It is advisable to seek guidance from a qualified healthcare provider before using any complementary medicines for weight loss.

Supplement, Don't Substitute: Complementary medicines may be used as supplements to support a balanced diet and regular exercise, not as substitutes to ensure adequate nutrient intake and promotion of overall health and well-being.

Be Careful of Claims: Individuals should be cautious of marketing claims promising rapid or effortless weight loss and prioritise evidence-based approaches. Rapid weight loss can lead to nutrient deficiencies and other health challenges such as weakening the body and impairing physical function over time.  

Monitor for Side Effects: Attention should be paid to any potential side effects or interactions with medications and discontinue use if necessary.

Prioritise Lifestyle Changes: It is important to focus on sustainable lifestyle modifications such as healthy eating, physical activity and stress management for long-term weight management success.

Conclusion

Complementary medicines may offer weight loss benefits, but their effects depend on diet and lifestyle. It is important to use these complementary health alternatives cautiously and prioritise sustainable lifestyle changes for long-term weight management.

Individuals interested in using complementary medicines for weight loss should consult a healthcare professional to discuss potential risks and benefits in the context of their overall health and wellness goals.

In the quest for healthier lives, the realm of complementary health alternatives should be navigated with awareness, diligence and a commitment to holistic well-being.

The writers are with the Department of Dietetics, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana.