Galamsey: An enemy to Ghana’s tourism aspirations

Ghana is at a boiling point, with citizens across the country expressing frustration and anger over the unchecked rise of galamsey – illegal small-scale mining – which continues to wreak havoc on the nation’s environment, economy and future prospects. 

Recently, there have been widespread protests and demonstrations organised by various groups, including Democracy Hub and civil society groups, all demanding more decisive action from the government to address the crisis. 

While President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo has assured Organised Labour that the government is committed to finding lasting solutions to the galamsey menace, these assurances have been met with scepticism.

At the time of writing this, Organised Labour, along with other concerned groups, had suspended their threats of strike action, although they had argued that the measures proposed by the President lacked the urgency and depth needed to tackle the scale of destruction caused by galamsey. 

The sentiment is clear: Ghanaians are tired of promises. They want concrete, immediate action that will put an end to the environmental degradation and socio-economic setbacks caused by illegal mining.

Amidst this national outcry, there is a looming question – how does galamsey impact Ghana’s vision of becoming a leading tourism destination in Africa? Ghana’s natural beauty, cultural heritage and vibrant communities are major draws for international visitors. 

However, the pervasive damage caused by galamsey threatens to derail the country's tourism potential. If left unchecked, galamsey could not only tarnish Ghana’s image abroad but also undermine the very resources that drive its tourism industry.

Environmental destruction 

Ghana’s lush forests, pristine rivers and diverse wildlife are at the core of its tourism appeal, particularly for eco-tourism enthusiasts. Yet, these assets are rapidly being destroyed by galamsey. Key ecotourism sites such as the Atiwa Forest Reserve, known for its rich biodiversity, are being ravaged by illegal mining activities, leading to deforestation, habitat destruction and the contamination of vital water sources.

Once-clear rivers like the Pra, Ankobra and Birim – ideal for fishing, boating and sightseeing– are being polluted with toxic chemicals, including mercury and cyanide. These waters are becoming unsafe for locals, let alone tourists seeking outdoor adventure or eco-friendly travel experiences. Without clean water and healthy ecosystems, Ghana’s aspirations of positioning itself as a top eco-tourism destination are in jeopardy.

Health, safety concerns

The environmental impact of galamsey extends beyond aesthetics – it is creating serious health risks that could further discourage tourists. Contaminated rivers and streams in galamsey-affected areas are becoming uninhabitable for both locals and visitors. Tourists seeking rural or nature-based experiences will be deterred by the prospect of encountering polluted waters or breathing in dust and toxic fumes from illegal mining activities.

Air quality in galamsey zones is another concern, as the dust and toxic emissions from mining pose long-term health hazards. Health-conscious tourists, who prioritise clean and green environments, are less likely to visit regions where illegal mining has left the air, water and land in poor condition. 

These health and safety risks make Ghana a less attractive destination, especially for travellers seeking relaxation and rejuvenation.

Impact on communities, cultural heritage

Cultural tourism is one of Ghana’s greatest strengths. From historic festivals to sacred groves and UNESCO World Heritage sites, tourists come from far and near to experience the richness of Ghanaian culture. Unfortunately, galamsey activities are having a devastating effect on local communities and cultural heritage.

Many communities are being displaced by illegal mining operations, resulting in the erosion of traditional practices and local economies.

Festivals, rituals and other cultural activities that once drew tourists to these areas are being interrupted or completely lost as communities are forced to relocate. Moreover, galamsey is encroaching on sacred and historical sites, many of which could have been preserved as key tourism assets.

Damage to international image

Beyond the immediate environmental and social impacts, the international perception of Ghana as a tourist destination is at risk. Negative media coverage of galamsey, highlighting environmental destruction and government inaction, is tarnishing Ghana’s reputation abroad. 
International tourists, especially those concerned with sustainability and eco-friendly travel, may hesitate to visit a country where illegal mining is seemingly allowed to ravage the environment unchecked.

The growing global focus on sustainable tourism means that destinations associated with environmental degradation are losing out on tourist dollars. If Ghana does not act swiftly and decisively to curb galamsey, it risks alienating international tourists who prioritise ethical and sustainable travel experiences.

Tourism initiatives

Ghana has made admirable progress in promoting sustainable tourism through initiatives like the Mole National Park, Kakum National Park, and various coastal conservation projects. 

These initiatives are aimed at showcasing Ghana’s natural beauty while preserving it for future generations. However, galamsey undermines these efforts, threatening to undo years of work in building a sustainable tourism industry.

Tourists are unlikely to visit areas affected by illegal mining, where landscapes are scarred, rivers are polluted and wildlife is displaced. Ghana’s potential as an eco-tourism hub is being eroded by the very activities that the country should be working hardest to prevent. 

While illegal mining may offer short-term gains for some, it is clear that the long-term economic losses from a declining tourism industry far outweigh any benefits.

Protect tourism by fighting galamsey

The time for half-measures has passed. If Ghana is serious about becoming a top tourism destination in Africa, the fight against galamsey must be taken up with renewed urgency and commitment. This is not just a fight for the environment, but a fight for the future of Ghana’s tourism industry. 

The natural and cultural resources that attract tourists to our shores are being systematically destroyed, and if galamsey continues unchecked, Ghana risks losing not only its tourism potential but also the long-term economic benefits that come with it.

The government, along with all concerned stakeholders, must work together to find lasting solutions to the galamsey menace. Concrete action, not just promises, is needed to protect the environment and ensure that Ghana’s tourism industry can thrive. 

Tourism offers a sustainable path to national growth and development, but only if we preserve the very resources that make Ghana such a desirable destination.

Ending galamsey is not just about protecting the environment – it is about securing Ghana’s future as an ambitious player in Africa’s tourism landscape. Time to act is now!