Dangers, consequences of political instability

Political stability is a cornerstone of economic development and social cohesion in any nation.

In Ghana, a country celebrated for its democratic values and relative stability in a tumultuous West African region, the spectre of political instability looms large.

Understanding the dangers associated with this instability is crucial not only for policymakers, but also for the citizenry bearing the brunt of its consequences. 

The focus should not only be on the needs of political parties in the country, but rather on the national interest of the people.

Economic consequences

Political instability in Ghana can lead to significant economic disruption, primarily by deterring foreign investment.

Uncertainty from contested elections or protests causes investors to withdraw, resulting in stalled projects that would otherwise create jobs and support infrastructure development.

This withdrawal disproportionately affects the poor, as it can lead to rising prices for goods and services, making necessities less affordable and exacerbating poverty levels.

Projects that promise job creation may be cancelled, exacerbating unemployment rates.

Social unrest

Political instability often leads to social unrest, which can have dire consequences for societal cohesion. Ghana has experienced its share of political violence, particularly during elections.

Tensions can escalate quickly, leading to protests, riots and even clashes between rival political factions.

This violence not only puts lives at risk but also breeds mistrust among different ethnic and social groups, undermining the very fabric of Ghanaian society.

When citizens feel disenfranchised by their leaders, it fosters a sense of alienation. Disengagement from the political process can spiral into apathy, further deepening the division between the government and its citizens.

This fragmentation can make it increasingly difficult to achieve consensus on critical national issues, leading to a cycle of conflict and instability.

In Ghana, the health of its democracy is critical for its future. A strong democratic framework ensures that leaders are held accountable for their actions and that citizens have a voice in governance.

However, when political strife takes precedence, these institutions are undermined. Citizens may lose faith in their leaders and the electoral process, leading to lower voter turnout and decreased civic engagement.

This disengagement can create a vicious cycle where poor governance begets further instability.

Developmental stagnation

Ghana has made significant strides in areas such as education, healthcare and infrastructure in recent decades.

However, these achievements are at risk when political conflicts overshadow the developmental agenda. Programmes designed to improve living standards, promote education and expand healthcare access require stable governance to be effective.

When governments are distracted by political turmoil, funding and resources for critical development projects can be redirected or delayed.

For instance, initiatives aimed at improving rural healthcare or expanding educational opportunities may falter, leaving vulnerable populations without the necessary support.

In turn, this stagnation can hinder Ghana’s long-term prospects for growth and development, entrenching existing inequalities and limiting opportunities for future generations.

Role of civic engagement

Citizens must actively participate in the democratic process, hold their leaders accountable and advocate policies that promote stability and development.

Grassroots movements, civil society organisations and community groups play a vital role in fostering dialogue and building consensus among diverse populations.

Education is also crucial in promoting civic engagement. An informed citizenry is better equipped to understand the political landscape and the implications of instability.

Schools and universities should prioritise teaching the importance of civic responsibility and the value of participating in democratic processes.

Encouraging discussions around governance, rights and responsibilities can empower citizens to take an active role in shaping their society.

Strengthening political institutions

This involves promoting the rule of law, enhancing transparency and ensuring that checks and balances are in place.

By building robust institutions that can withstand political pressures, Ghana can create a more stable environment conducive to both economic growth and social cohesion.

Fostering inter-party dialogue can help reduce tensions and build a more collaborative political landscape.

Political parties should prioritise national interest over partisan gains, recognising that cooperation is essential for addressing the challenges facing the nation.

Initiatives aimed at bridging divides such as forums for dialogue and negotiation can help create a more unified political atmosphere.

Conclusion

As a nation that has made significant strides in democratic governance, all stakeholders; citizens, political leaders, and civil society must recognise and address the underlying causes of instability.

Through concerted efforts, Ghana can navigate the challenges of political instability and secure a prosperous future for all its citizens.

Ensuring peace and stability in Ghana goes beyond just the signing of the peace path by political parties which was introduced by the Peace Council of Ghana, but rather getting the interest of the country at heart by ensuring that each constituency benefits from the national cake without favouritism nor being affiliated to any political party.

The writer is a Treasurer,
ABii National Savings and Loans.
E-mail: ericharres4@gmail.com