The Ghanaian Perspective: Opinion Articles on Current Issues

Ms Anita Simons (not real name) 16, from the Ekon community in Cape Coast uses the communal bathroom.

"When I am menstruating I have to dress up after bathing behind peoples houses at close to the beach. My home is far from the beach, I cant walk home without a pad and not soil myself.

Anita says she has to squat behind someone's window to get herself "dressed" properly. 
The thought of some young men seeing you is worrying. It takes something away from you," she said.

It's not just at home. The lack of privacy for her also stares her in the face at school.

In Anita's school the doors of her washrooms have removed and are yet to be repaired.
She said one of her friends was almost bitten by a snake when she sort to change her sanitary pad in school in some bushes nearby because the washrooms did not have doors.

She says because there was no privacy using the facility and especially during those days, she says she becomes apprehensive, afraid she may have to change sanitary pads.

"I just come home and forget about the lessons I have when I really need to change during those periods," she stated

It is estimated that almost 50 percent of basic schools in the country do not have access to toilets and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities.

Emmanuella Barnes, not real name is 17 years and also lives at Ekon in the Cape Coast metropolis. She is in Senior High School and a natural leader.

She therefore inspires a lot of her mates who also discusses their problems with her.
But what worries her is what she describes as low self esteem among some of the girls because of lack of decent spaces to take care of themselves during their period.

Shielded topic
Menstruation is already a very shielded topic in many homes. 

"Our mothers or guardian are the ones who educate us on the inception of menstruation. Few lessons and it has to take you through a life time. School also helps girls with a few lessons and that is it, she stated.

She said though some girls clubs have been instrumental in getting some menstrual management and hygiene lessons to adolescents the inadequate decent sanitary spaces for girls both in school and sometimes at home remain a worrying phenomenon for the adolescent girl.

"It seems like nothing but it demeans us as girl and impact our self confidence," sge added.

Little talk about menstruation 
In Ghana, and in most parts of our continent, Africa, many young girls cannot talk to their parents about menstruation. 

Many of the few that are able to ask for sanitary pads are met with complaints from their parents often because of the economic wherewithal or just sheer neglect of responsibility.

The adolescents thus, resort to the use of all manner of things as sanitary towels reducing their confidence further.

Girls are private and with the culture that mostly sees menstruating young ladies as "unclean" girls are left to their ordeal, mute over all the challenges they face.

Young girls need clean private spaces to build their self confidence," she stated.

In most of our communities, the needs of menstruating girls are forgotten. 

"The greatest concern of parents, guardians and community has always been the fact that the adolescent has to stay away from sex, from the boys and ensure she does not get pregnant or contract any worrying sexually transmitted diseases and not how to ensure her well-being in managing her menses with dignity," she stated.

Indeed globally, millions of girls still lack adequate facilities for menstrual hygiene management. 

Inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities, particularly in public places such as  schools, workplaces or health centers further compound the issue.

Indeed such rather insanitary conditions according to Emmanuella have caused some adolescent girls  lost their sense of worth and remain in a state of apprehension every month managing their cycles, gagged in cages of culture and myths.

They called for more decent sanitary facilities in schools and communities.

Worry
We don't know the infections we get from even using these facilities and the impact on us in the future.

Indeed, insanitary washrooms could have dire consequence for the girls.

-Specialist Obstetrician and Gynecologist at the AGA Health Foundation, Dr Abdul-Basit Wunnam Ibrahim said the use of unclean facilities may predispose women to genital tract infections.

"The infections may be in the form of bacteria vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis and urinary tract infection," he stated.

He said clean washrooms promote healthier menstrual management.

Inadequate washrooms 
A research report on availability of toilet facilities in basic schools indicated that out of some 9,604 private basic schools sampled over 1,631 had no toilets causing an estimated 430,000 pupils in private schools to defecate outside a toilet during school hours. 

The effect has been overstretched washrooms leading to insanitary facilities in many schools.

Power to choose 
The Planned Parenthood Association through its Power to Choose project has committed to working among others to get adolescents to manage menstruation in a hygienic and dignified manner.

The project, a seven-year one funded by Global Affairs Canada (GAC) through OXFAM is to address barriers that hinder young women and adolescent girls access to quality sexual and reproductive health and rights. 
The coordinator of the project, Rejoice Kwawukumey stated that apart from Ekon the project was being implemented at Brabedzi, Ankaful Fie, Kwaprow and Idan all in the Cape Coast metropolis.
She said the project would interact with stakeholders in education community to ensure girls had decent private spaces that promote healthier menstrual management.

She said the girls were alao being educated to promote personal hygiene too.

"We interacted with some students last year and realized there are a lot of misconceptions and myths about menstruation that have been passed to them. 

"But after our education and sensitization programs some parents confirmed their wards are very conscious of their hygiene now, especially when menstruating," she stated

The project also targets adolescent boys and men, community leaders and parents, health professionals and administrators and policy makers with reproductive health sensitization.